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add("Akzo Nobel Mexico","akzo nobel grande fabricante nivel global recubrimientos polvo tecnologia industria recubrimientos experiencia 30 plantas manufactura alrededor mundo empresa encargada Mexico mision producir recubrimientos polvo alta calidad desarrollados ultima tecnologia excelente servicio nuestros clientes Interpon marca recubrimientos polvo ampara productos Akzo Nobel sectores arquitectónicos automotriz mueblero electrodoméstico Industria General incluyendo iluminacion sistemas almacenaje maquinaria industrial herramientas tecnologias unicas patentadas gamas Monterrey productos actualmente comercializa Particle Management Interpon Extra control individualizado comportamiento particulas mexico aplicacion asegura importantes economias sistemas convencionales altos estándares calidad seguridad respeto medio ambiente fabricacion posterior utilización productos normas Iso","Informacion de Akzo Nobel")
add("Recubrimiento en Polvo para aluminio y acero ","gama Interpon D oferta completa recubrimiento polvo arquitectura cerca 30 años registro global productos gama de Interpon D proveer soluciones recubrimientos todas demandas desempeño ambientes Interpon D1000 Interpon D2000 Interpon D3000 Estándar Superdurabilidad ambientes clima normal aplicaciones internas Garantía Global ciertos paises BSEN12206-1:2004 Qualicoat Class 1 GSB GB5237 AS3715 SANS1578 hasta 15 años 20 Acabados Ultra Durables condiciones severas hostiles Acabados fluorocarbonados Hyper Durables ubicaciones especificaciones severas AAMA2605 disponibles amplio rango diferentes matices estandar niveles brillo acabados especiales efectos metalicos","Recubrimiento en polvo arquitectura Interpon D.. ..Gama de Interpon D es una oferta completa de recubrimiento en polvo ")
add("Recubrimiento en Polvo para partes automotrices","proveedor recubrimientos ofrece completa gama productos satisfacer exigencias físicas químicas apariencia componentes mercado automotriz Acabados aprobados principales fabricantes componentes equipos OEM utilizados todo mundo recubrir partes asociada segmento mercado automotriz hidraulicos conductos frenos interior asientos espejos exterior marcos ventanas limpiaparabrisas chasis suspension muelles barras remolque componentes motor filtros aire aceite válvulas etc Investigación experimentada ventas servicio tecnico personal apoyan usuarios finales seleccion aplicacion del correcto recubrimiento satisfacer los requisitos OEM","Interpon proveedor de recubrimientos para partes automotricies, acabados aprobados por los principales fabricantes ")
add("Recubrimiento en polvo para electrodomesticos","proveedores recubrimientos polvo servicios técnicos protección electrodomésticos unidades calentamiento ventilación aire acondicionado Trabajamos principales fabricantes aparatos electrodomésticos suministrando polvos dedicados satisfacer necesidades usuario final resistencia detergente lavadoras resistencia bacterias hornos microondas durabilidad exterior acondicionadores aire Trabajando equipos diseño OEMs creamos colores acabados completar imagen producto negocio ellos presentar ayudamos reducir costos cliente través nuestra gama servicios nuestra exclusiva gama polvos Interpon Extra basados tecnología Particle Management","Recubrimientos en polvo y servicios tecnicos para la protección de los electrodomesticos.")
add("Recubrimiento en polvo para el mercado funcional","Resicoat marca designa gama recubrimientos funcionales Functional coatings cuales polvos altas capacidades para proteccion anticorrosiva de piezas de hierro o acero acabados epoxy para aislamiento electrico composicion quimica homologada valvulas conducciones agua potable formulados con alta resistencia quimica conducciones liquidas acabados varios colores Resicoat","Marca que designa a la gama de recubrimientos funcionales Functional coatings ")
add("Recubrimiento en polvo para la Industria en General","aplicaciones Industria General exigen vez mas sofisticada gama productos satisfacer demandas complejo variado sector Interpon creado una gama productos especiales utilizando tecnologias innovadoras para proporcionar soluciones recubrimientos polvo condiciones especiales suelen prevalecer Estos productos especiales complementan Interpon epoxy Interpon 100 poliester hibrido interpon 700 utilizados aplicaciones interioriores Interpon poliester Interpon 610 libre TGIC utilizado aplicaciones exteriores recubrimientos industriales esta disponible aplicaciones especiales Alta durabilidad al exterior Interpon 800 Anti-corrosion Interpon PZ 660 PZ 770 Anti-Bacterial Interpon AB Anti-Graffiti Interpon EC Retencion de brillo metalico Interpon MR","Amplia gama de recubrimientos industriales esta disponible para las aplicaciones especiales")
add("Recubrimiento en polvo para el sector maquilador","servicio esencial este mercado casi todas regiones tenemos mayor gama productos cualquier proveedor polvo gama opciones entrega satisfacer plazos Toda gama productos recubrimiento polvo Interpon tecnologias utilizados proveer necesidades Si caja producto específico Interpon Express servicio planta Estados Unidos gran lote color estandar nuestro objetivo suministro satisfacer necesidades usuario Muchos productos han desarrollado condiciones especiales amplia gama productos estandar estan disponibles maquiladores general proporcionando precio competitivo suministrandolo rapidamente estos productos especiales complementan gama Interpon epoxy Interpon 100), Interpon epoxy / poliéster híbrido (Interpon 700) utilizados para aplicaciones interioriores e Interpon poliester Interpon 610 libre TGIC Interpon 600 utilizado aplicaciones exteriores una amplia gama recubrimientos esta disponible aplicaciones especiales Alta durabilidad exterior Interpon 800 Anti-corrosion Interpon PZ 660 PZ 770 Anti-Bacterial Interpon AB Anti-Graffiti Interpon EC Retencion de brillo metalico Interpon MR ","La mayor gama productos que cualquier proveedor de polvo y una gama de opciones de entrega para satisfacer sus plazos.")
add("Recubrimiento en polvo para el Sector Mueblero","mundo diverso diseño fabricación mobiliario mayores exigencias estan situando aspecto piezas finales asi tiempo vida uso los productos AkzoNobel presenta oferta global recubrimientos para satisfacer demandas combinando estetica rendimiento entornos interior exterior El mundo global mobiliario muy diverso influido tendencias color moda cambiando estilos vida AkzoNobel experiencia global liderazgo recubrimiento polvo esta situacion ideal servicio este mercado maxima calidad productos dedicados desempeñandose especificaciones industria amplia gama colores acabados AkzoNobel llevado cabo extensos analisis mercado mobiliario nivel mundial regional tratando entender influencias de diseño muebles hoy en el futuro colaboracion AkzoNobel Centro Estetico AkzoNobel's Aesthetics Center una instituciion mundial tendencias color industria pintura gama Interpon F colores acabados han desarrollado apelar sector todos niveles recubrimientos para muebles deben ajustarse determinados criterios desempeño donde propiedades resistencia degradacion friccion para Mobiliario interior durabilidad UV protección anticorrosiva Mobiliario Exterior cruciales para vida calidad acabado superficie con esto en mente AkzoNobel ha desarrollado estandares industria especificaciones desempeño recubrimientos distintos ambientes desarrollo productos derivados esto significa podemos ofrecer amplia gama productos polvo singular industria Mueble atributos desempeño específicos","AkzoNobel presenta su oferta global de recubrimientos en para satisfacer esas demandas, combinando estetica y rendimiento, en entornos de interior y exterior.")
add("Recubrimiento en Polvo para el mercado de tecnologia de informacion","gama de productos texturizados y lisos están disponibles para pintar materiales de aleación de acero y magnesio usados en la fabricación de computadoras de escritorio, portátiles y servidores Interpon 700 es el recubrimiento que comúnmente se utiliza para este sector de mercado. Enfocándonos en las necesidades individuales del cliente, el programa de Interpon Extra puede retribuir en ahorros de costos importantes y beneficios en la aplicación a través de la utilización de Interpon AF, polvos de alta fluidización e Interpon AC, polvos para mejorar la penetración en áreas difíciles","Gama de productos texturizados y lisos estan disponibles para pintar materiales de aleacion de acero y magnesio")
add("Historia de AkzoNobel, es una organizacion multicultural"," Basado en los Países Bajos Netherlands AkzoNobel es una organización multicultural de pinturas barnices y productos químicos especializados en todo el mundo Empleamos a unas 60 000 personas y guiamos nuestras actividades en recubrimientos y productos quimicos con filiales en más de 80 países AkzoNobel es el mas grande fabricante de recubrimientos en polvo del mundo y mantiene posiciones de liderazgo en la mayoría de sus empresas destinadas a entregar las respuestas del mañana hoy en todos y cada uno Nuestro portafolio incluye pinturas decorativas productos para aplicaciones industriales incluido el polvo y especialidad en recubrimientos acabados automotrices; marina, recubrimientos de protección y aeroespacial; y productos relacionados con los recubrimientos tales como madera y adhesivos para la construccion AkzoNobel es una compañía Fortune Global 500 Puntos destacados en la historia de AkzoNobel 1777 Det Holmbladske Selskab ahora Sadolin es fundado en Dinamarca 1792 El pintor y decorador Wiert Willem Sikkens crea las lacas Sikkens en el pueblo Holandes de Groningen 1871 KemaNobel es establecida en Suecia. Más de cien años despues en 1984 KemaNobel se fusiona con Bofors para formar las Industrias Nobel las cuales fueron posteriormente adquiridas por Akzo en 1994 1895 Alfred Nobel el hombre detras del Premio Nobel fundó Elektrokemiska Aktiebolaget concida como Eka en Bengtsfors Suecia Su meta era hacer cloro y álcali. Ahora Eka Chemicals es el negocio de químicos de pulpa y papel de AkzoNobel 1918 Koninklijke Nederlandse Zoutindustrie KZO impacto a la industria holandesa de la sal en respuesta a la escasez durante la Primer Guerra Mundial 1923 Saal van Zwanenberg establece Organon para producir insulina de los pancreas de animales 1968 La compañia de fibra sintetica del Reino Unido Courtaulds adquiere International Paints 1969 Algemeene Kunstzijde Unie NV AKU se fusiona con Koninklijke Zwanenberg Organon KZO para formar AKZO 1994 Las Industrias Akzo y Nobel se fusionan para crear AkzoNobel 1998 AkzoNobel adquiere la compañia Courtaulds del Reino Unido. Sus productos incluyen recubrimientos industriales de alta tecnología y fibras sintéticas como Courtelle y Tencel 2007 AkzoNobel vende Organon BioSciences NV a la Corporación Schering-Plough 2008 AkzoNobel adquiere Imperial Chemical Industries PLC ICI","AkzoNobel es el mas grande fabricante de recubrimientos en polvo del mundo y mantiene posiciones de liderazgo en la mayoría de sus empresas destinadas a entregar las respuestas del mañana hoy en todos y cada uno")
add("Introduccion a Interpon Recubrimientos en Polvo","Nuestro negocio recubrimiento polvo empresa verdaderamente mundial más 20 lugares fabricación ubicado 18 países sobre 5 continentes Somos mayor fabricante polvo mundo somos claros líderes mercados arquitectura Automotriz Electrodomesticos Mueblero Industrial variedad gama venden bajo marca mundial registrada llamada Resicoat Fechas clave historia Courtaulds Interpon 1816 Courtaulds fundado Reino Unido UK 1960s Courtaulds adquiere International Paint Pinchin Johnson 1975 Primer planta polvo Interpon abierta Felling Reino Unido UK 1976 negocio polvo Bonneval adquirido Alemania 1980 negocio polvos resinas Supertintas adquirido Sao Roque Brazil 1981 Nueva planta Interpon construida Melbourne Australia 1985 Planta Interpon construida Houston TX 1985 Adquisición negocio polvo Robert Bryce Australia 1985 Primer planta Interpon construida Asia Korea JV DPI 1988 Adquisiciones Dyssa España Minerva Italia 1989 nuevas plantas Interpon construidas Malasia Indonesia 1990 Joint Venture Taiwan Chang Cheng Chemicals 1991 Nuevas plantas Interpon construidas China Shenzhen Suzhou 1997 Nueva planta Interpon construida Bangalore India 1998 Courtaulds adquirida AkzoNobel 2000 Nueva planta de recubrimiento polvo abierta Izmir Turquia administrada parte Joint Venture AkzoNobel BOYA 2002 AkzoNobel adquiere negocios recubrimientos polvo Ferro Corporation Americas Asia Pacifico 2002 AkzoNobel productor polvo Mexicano Industrial Acabados S A de CV INDA crean 50 50 Joint Venture Akzo Nobel INDA SA de CV 2003 Nueva planta recubrimientos polvo abierta ciudad Ho Chi Minh Vietnam administrada como parte Joint Venture AkzoNobel Chang Cheng Coatings ANCCC 2003 AkzoNobel compra restante 50 acciones de Interpon Powder Coatings Korea Ltd IPCK estando acuerdo DPI compañia basada Shiwha cerca Seúl ahora completamente propiedad AkzoNobel","Una empresa verdaderamente mundial con mas de 20 lugares de fabricacion ubicado en 18 países sobre 5 continentes")
add("Información de AkzoNobel Inda","primer empresa México fabricante pintura electrostática polvo establecida inversionistas nacionales desde 1975 bajo nombre Industrial Acabados S.A. INDA cual fue adquirida CRISSON 1997 octubre 2002 une grupo mundial holandés AkzoNobel exitosa co-inversión Joint Venture naciendo así nuestra empresa AN INDA Quienes Somos Crisson CRISSON, S.A. De C.V. tiene sede ciudad Monterrey N.L. México pertenece grupo CEMIX nace 1978 como respuesta necesidad industria construcción contar con productos optimicen procesos tiempo material mano obra ","Fabricante de pintura electrostática en polvo")
add("Información de AkzoNobel Inda","Grupo CEMIX fabrica comercializa productos para etapa post-estructural construcción urbana enfatizando mejoramiento constante eficiencia sistema operativo satisfacción necesidades sus clientes empresa dinámica atenta necesidades mercado busca siempre desarrollar productos novedosos potencial gran volumen den un mejor servicio simplifiquen abaraten sistemas actuales AkzoNobel La historia éxito crecimiento debe integración cuidadosa amplia diversidad compañías ver detalle en Historia de AkzoNobel Hoy en día AkzoNobel juega un papel importante sociedad fabricando suministrando productos cruciales para sociedad moderna productos millones personas utilizan rutina diaria AkzoNobel esta comprometido mantener lealtad nuestros clientes accionistas trabajadores mismo tiempo contribuir positivamente mundo cual vivimos trabajamos","Fabricante de pintura electrostática en polvo tiene su sede en la ciudad de Monterrey, N.L. México")
add("Asociaciones Globales","Con nuestras exclusivas tecnologías polvo toda nuestra cobertura mundial AkzoNobel socio ideal cualquier usuario polvo internacional donde quiera estén situadas instalaciones Innovaciones Técnicas Con nuestra capacidad dentro organización tecnología poliéster polímero nuestros innovadores patentadas teconologías polvo estamos perfectamente equipados para adaptar nuestros productos polvo entregar singular soluciones técnicas necesidades clientes Nuestras tecnologías utilizadas procesos materiales están destinadas agregar valor a nuestros clientes productos y procesos Nuestros enfoque mundial integrado respaldado por los servicios de nuestra Worldwide Polvo Group (WWPG) asegurar que este valor es entregado a nuestros clientes sobre una base consistente en todo el mundo Servicio Global En donde quiera que nuestros clientes operen tendrán acceso al apoyo de nuestra red global de operaciones tanto nacionales como regionales en cuestión de recubrimiento en polvo Nuestra base tecnológica está controlada centralmente Se puede reproducir a escala mundial para asegurar la consistencia absoluta de la calidad del producto en polvo y su desempeño. Esto nos hace el socio ideal a nivel mundial para fabricantes de equipos originales OEM´s así como a los arquitectos especificadores contratistas y subcontratistas sobre importantes proyectos internacionales","AkzoNobel es un socio ideal para cualquier usuario de polvo internacional")
add("Compromiso con el Medio Ambiente","La preocupación por la salud, la seguridad y el medio ambiente es parte integral de la política de AkzoNobel AkzoNobel apoya activamente los principios rectores de la Carta Empresarial para el Desarrollo Sostenible de la Cámara de Comercio Internacional, el programa de Cuidado Responsable Responsible Care de la industria química y el programa de Cuidado de Recubrimientos coatings Care de la industria de la pintura y tintas de imprenta Además de cumplir con los requisitos reglamentarios, perseguimos los siguientes objetivos en estrecha cooperación con nuestros distribuidores clientes y proveedores Akzo Nobel procura llevar a cabo sus actividades de tal forma que previene los daños a la salud de sus empleados y otros interesados AkzoNobel se esfuerza para evitar lesiones en el trabajo tanto para nuestros propios empleados y nuestros contratistas Akzo Nobel protege el medio ambiente evitando o minimizando el impacto ambiental de sus actividades y productos mediante prácticas de diseño adecuado manufactura distribución uso y eliminación","La preocupación por la salud, la seguridad y el medio ambiente es parte integral de la política de AkzoNobel")
add("Nuestra Tecnología Exclusiva","Nuestra política es satisfacer las necesidades más rápido mejor más distintivo que nuestros competidores. Nos centramos en comprender las necesidades fundamentales de nuestros clientes y luego traducir estas necesidades en tecnologías y productos. Investigación en estas áreas clave de la tecnología conduce a principales fortalezas que pueden ser adaptadas a los productos específicos que nuestros clientes utilizan para operar sus procesos eficientemente así como lograr el desempeño deseado en el servicio Detrás del nombre de Interpon yacen nuestras fortalezas en tecnología de polímeros y corrosión en ciencia de la superficie Sumado a que la tecnología patentada de Particle Mangement Manejo de partícula la cual es crucial para los procesos de aplicación de los recubrimientos en polvo Las tecnologías de procesos de manufactura de Novel complementan un paquete de capacidades únicas que diferencian los polvos de Interpon de aquellos de nuestros competidores","Nuestra política es satisfacer las necesidades más rápido, mejor, más distintivo que nuestros competidores")
add("Guia Resumida","Guide to Powder Concise guide to powder concise Guia Resumida guia resumida","Guia Concisa")
add("Guia Completa","Complete Guide to Powder Coatings complete guide to powder coatings guia completa ","Guia Completa")
add("Manufactura","Utiliza la barra de desplazamiento para moverte a través del proceso de manufactura Dar clic en las imágenes para aprender más al respecto Pesado pesado Las materias primas son transportadas a un área de pesado aquí los ingredientes para el recubrimiento en polvo son pesados de manera precisa Aire filtrado es utilizado en la extracción para asegurar la seguridad del trabajador y al mismo tiempo eliminar la contaminación mezclado Mezclado Las materias primas están mezcladas completamente utilizando mezcladores de alta velocidad Esto asegura que el producto final es consistente en rendimiento y calidad La extrusión es un proceso de mezclar y fluidificar. Las materias primas son calentadas para fluidificar la resina y los endurecedores un proceso de mezclado se lleva a cabo para homogenizar la materia prima derretida enfriamiento La extrusión caliente es lanzada en una cadena transportadora plana de acero inoxidable que está siendo enfriada por medio de agua refrigerada esto hace tenerla a temperatura ambiente molienda La extrusión ya enfriada es quebrada para formar un trozo chip Esto sirve para hacer el manejo y el micronizado más efectivo micronizado El trozo chip es alimentado uniformemente en una moledora que lo pulverize a un tamaño de particular la cual puede ser rociada a través de un equipo electrostático Para asegurar que no existan en el recubrimiento en polvo algunas partículas de gran tamaño o alguna contaminación el producto es cribado Pesado El polvo es pesado de manera electrónica empacado La mayoría de los recubrimientos de polvo son suministrados en cajas de cartón selladas El polvo puede ser suministrado en contenedores dependiendo de los requerimientos del cliente Control de calidad Los recubrimientos en polvo deben ser examinados para asegurar que cumplen con los requerimientos de rendimiento y calidad de ambos, el cliente y el usuario final del componente al cual se le está aplicando el polvo normalmente una vez que la fabricación ha sido completada el recubrimiento en polvo no puede ser modificado o cambiado en ninguna forma significativa","Proceso de Manufactura")
add("Aplicación","Tribostática triboeléctrica tribostatica triboelectrica En este método de aplicación las partículas de polvo son cargadas causando que avancen en la superficie especialmente diseñada y perfilada. Las partículas cargadas por fricción serán entonces atraídas y depositadas en el sustrato La medida de las cargas de fricción se rige por el volumen de polvo entregado a la superficie de la carga y la velocidad con que se mueve en la superficie ambos de los cuales pueden ser controlados por el operador de la pistola tribostática Electrostática En este método de aplicación un generador de alto voltaje es utilizado para cargar un electrodo en la punta de la pistola de polvo Esto crea un campo electrostático o corona entre la pistola y el sustrato Moléculas de gas en el aire recogen electrones emitidos por la corona Esta carga negativa es a su vez transferida a las partículas de polvo que son impulsadas desde la cabeza de la pistola hacia el sustrato Las partículas de polvo cargadas son depositadas en el sustrato aterrizado ","Las partículas de polvo son cargadas causando que avancen en la superficie especialmente diseñada y perfilada")
add("Productos para la Industria","Elements es una gama con gran variedad de aspectos decorativos desde colores relieves de film efectos metalizados Los recubrimientos en polvo de la carta Elements están destinados al recubrimiento de piezas industriales Uso interior Interpon 310 e Interpon 320 para mobiliario metálico iluminación accesorios para tiendas estanterías Uso exterior Interpon 610 e Interpon 620 para mobiliario urbano y de jardín instalaciones de iluminación exterior equipamientos de parques y patios maquinaría agrícola Todos los recubrimientos de la gama Elements han sido optimizados para dar la más alta consitencia de acabado durante el proceso de aplicación Cada efecto decorativo presenta sus propias especificaciones de utilización y de aplicación AMPLIA GAMA DE ACABADOS amplia gama de acabados 60 acabados con una innovadora combinación de aspectos visuales y táctiles Aspectos visuales nacarados metálicos contaminados barnices tintados colores interferenciales Acabados táctiles lisos texturados y aterciopelados Desarrollados en diferentes colores rojo azul verde cobre oro gris elements Información a detalle en varios idiomas se puede obtener en","Variedad de aspectos decorativos desde colores relieves de film y efectos metalizados")
add("Ubicacion Contactanos directamente","Monterrey Planta Oficinas Ventas Bodega Akzo Nobel Inda S.A. de C.V. 2da. de San Francisco Ote Colonia Reforma Monterrey N.L. México C.P. Teléfono Fax México Ventas Guadalupe No. 105 Col. Pantitlán Deleg. Iztacalco México DF CP Teléfono Fax Guadalajara Ventas Río Poo No. 1125 Col Quinta Valverde Guadalajara Jal C.P.Teléfono Fax Querétaro telefono Ventas Bodega Akzo Nobel Inda SA de CV Plaza San Miguel 22 Colonia las Plazas Santiago de Querétaro Querétaro C.P. 76180 Teléfono ","Ubicacion contactanos")
add("Ligas","Operamos en cerca de 40 paises a lo largo del mundo Si quieres ir directo a algun website simplemente sigue las ligas AkzoNobel Cromadex AkzoNobel Non Stick Coatings Interpon Powder Coatings Interpon Powder Coatings Australia Interpon Powder Coatings Francia Interpon Powder Coatings Alemania Interpon Powder Coatings Italia Interpon Powder Coatings España Interpon Powder Coatings Reino Unido Interpon Powder Coatings Estados Unidos Interpon Powder Coatings Rusia Resicoat Se agregarán más websites de otros paises conforme estos se vayan completando","Ligas de Interes")
add("Iso 9001 9001:2000","Certificado certificado iso ISO 9001:2000","Certificado 9001:2000")
add("ISO 14001:2004","Certificado certificado iso ISO 14001:2004","Certificado 14001:2004")
add("OHSAS 18001:1999","Certificado OHSAS 18001:1999 certificado","Certificado OHSAS 18001:1999")
add("Mapa del Sitio","Inicio sectores de mercado Arquitectónico automotriz Electrodomésticos Funcional Industria en General Maquilador Mueblero Historia de AkzoNobel Introducción a Interpon Akzo Nobel Inda, SA de CV Asociaciones Globales Compromiso con el Medio Ambiente Nuestra Tecnología Exclusiva Tecnología de Informaciónacerca de nosotros guias de recubrimientos productos para la industria glosario ligas certificados akzonobel certificados mapa del sitio Certificado OHSAS 18001:1999 certificado Guia Resumida Guía Completa Manufactura Solicitar información Ubicaciones Aplicación AkzoNobel Cromadex AkzoNobel Non Stick Coatings Interpon Powder Coatings Interpon Powder Coatings Australia Interpon Powder Coatings Francia Interpon Powder CoatingsAlemania Interpon Powder Coatings Italia Interpon Powder Coatings España Interpon Powder Coatings Reino Unido Interpon Powder Coatings Estados Unidos Interpon Powder Coatings Rusia Resicoat ISO 9001:2000 ISO 14001:2004 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z","Mapa del sitio Akzonobel Interpon")
add("Glosario","El diccionario actualmente se encuentra en Inglés se está trabajando para pasarlo a Español","Glosario, Diccionario")
add("Glosario A ","Abrasive A course material used in blast cleaning such as sand steel shot glass beads or plastics Absorption Process of soaking up or assimilation of one substance by another AC Current Alternating electrical current Accelerator Material that accelerates the curing or crosslinking a mixture of crosslinkers or resins Catalyst Acicular Pigments Pigments whose particles are needle shaped Acrylic A coating powder with a significant content of a polymer containing short chain esters of various acrylic monomers Acrylic Resin A clear resin derived from polymerised esters of various acrylic monomers Acrylics are used for automotive topcoats and in other applications where resistance to chalking with exposure to sunlight is important Additive Chemicals Added to a powder coating to improve some properties such as flow gloss and texture control Adhesion Bonding strength Molecular attraction to the substrate surface to which a powder coating is applied. A condition where one material is attached to another by means of surface attraction.Adhesion is affected by the condition of the surface to be coated, by","Glosario, Diccionario A")
add("Glosario A ","the closeness of contact and molecular forces The surface being coated should allow a certain amount of penetration be chemically clean be hard not too smooth and non-porous to achieve good adhesion Adsorption Process of attraction to a surface Attachment Retaining foreign molecules on the surface of a substance Aerosol Dispersing of a liquid into a gas for spraying often used for touch-up paints Agglomeration A clump of powder particles bound loosely together into clusters containing trapped air Air Classification Device used in powder coating manufacture to aid in particle size management Air Compressed Air at any pressure greater than atmospheric pressure Air Hose A section of non-metallic tubing used to deliver compressed air for paint or powder application Air Receivers Tanks into which compressed air is stored from the air compressor Receivers help eliminate pulsing in the discharge lines and also act as storage capacity during intervals when demand exceeds the capacity of the compressor Air Valve Control valve in an air system for setting volume and pressure Air Velocity Measurement of air speed typically in feet or meters per minute Air Volume Measurement of air volume in cubic feet or meters per minute Alkali Caustic inorganic substances that share the characteristic of being strongly basic high pH examples are Sodium Hydroxide or Caustic Soda Ambient Surrounding environmental conditions Amides Organic compounds. A structure sometimes used in curing agents in Epoxy powder coatings Amp ampere A unit of electrical current flow The current produced by one volt applied across a resistance of one ohm Anti Foam agent Material used in pre-treatment systems to reduce the tendency of the chemicals to foam Anti oxidant An organic compound added to coatings to retard oxidation and deterioration Application Process of applying a coating to a substrate Aqueous A water based material Arcing A discharge of built up electrical charge, often forming a spark to a point of lower charge or earth ASTM The American Society for Testing Materials Atom The smallest unit of an element that still possesses the properties of that element Atomisation The distribution of powder particles with air to form a fine pattern during the spraying application process Atomising Air Air injected into the powder path to atomise it into a pattern","Glosario, Diccionario A")
add("Glosario B ","Back Ionisation A condition, which may occur during electrostatic application of powder coating where excessive build up of charged powder particles limits further powder to be deposited onto the substrate. A pockmarking pattern usually occurs on the powder surface Bell Electrostatic spray device whose applicator is bell shaped. Centrifugal force throws the powder off its edge into a fine pattern. The charged particles are then attracted to the work surface Binder The portion of the powder formulation that forms the primary strength of the film. It binds pigments and additives into a solid film and to the substrate Blast Cleaning Removal of surface contamination and corrosion products by use of air and mechanical abrasives also referred to as sand or shot blasting Blistering Bubbles formed under the cured powder film, usually caused by the expansion of trapped air, moisture or corrosion Blooming A hazy appearance on the surface of a coating Bridging The ability of a finish to cover cracks, voids or small gaps without a break in the film BTU British Thermal Unit The amount of heat required raising the temperature of 1 pound of water by 1 0F Bulk Density Mass per unit of volume in powder form, including the air trapped between the particles","Glosario, Diccionario B")
add("Glosario C","Caking Agglomerations of powder on fluid bed walls or within the powder delivery system Calorie Quantity of heat that will raise the temperature of 1 gram of water from 14.5 to 15.5oC Cartridge Booths A type of recovery booth that incorporates a cartridge filter system to collect overspray powder Catalyst A special chemical that promotes or accelerates the curing reaction or reduces stoving temperature Centrifugal To force in a direction away from the centre Cavitations Failure of a powder to flow into the intake of a feed system rat holing CFM Cubic Feet per Minute Chalking Surface loss of colour and gloss in a coating from degradation of the binder by the UV components in sunlight. Can be seen as a white deposit on the cured coating surface Chemical Stripper A strong solvent or blend of chemicals that will remove the cured film from the metal substrate Chipping The breaking away of small portions of a paint film due to the inability of that film to flex under impact, thermal expansion or the contraction of the surface Cissing Crating round imperfections in the surface of the film, often caused by oil or silicone contamination Cleaner Detergent alkali acid solvent or any other material used to clean and degrease before the application of a coating Clearcoat An un-pigmented coating. Can be a protective coating over a coloured or metallic basecoat or metal example brass Colour-fast Non fading The ability to maintain colour under specified conditions Compatibility The capacity of powder coatings to be mixed and applied so as to show no visible, mechanical or any other detectable effect Composition Formula make up analysis A specific combination of ingredients Compressor Machine design for compressing air or gas from an initial intake pressure to a higher discharge pressure Condensation A formation of water molecules due ","Glosario, Diccionario C")
add("Glosario C","to drastic temperature difference between two surfaces Contaminants Foreign materials such as dirt, dust or oil that can be detected in the cured powder film, pre-treatment chemicals or air supply Continuity Pinhole free film. A surface free from any defects Contrast Ratio A value related to the hiding power of a coating. The ratio of reflectance of the coating over black and white backgrounds at equal film thickness Conversion Coating Inorganic pre-treatment for metal substrates that prepare the surface for coating Co-polymer Large molecules resulting from the simultaneous polymerisation of two or more monomer units Corona An area of ionised air formed by a discharge of electricity commonly used in powder electrostatic spray equipment Corona Charging The process of introducing a static electrical charge on powder particles by passing the powder through an electrical field generated by high voltage Corrosion Decomposition or reaction of metal with oxygen, water or other chemicals Cracking Splitting or disintegration of a powder film with breaks penetrating through to the substrate Cratering Small round depressions in a powder film Creepage Corrosion under a scribe line or an area of damaged coating or edge, after salt spray testing or other testing Cross Contamination A condition when two or more powders are mixed by accident usually reducing quality Cross Hatch Test to determine adhesion Cross-linker A chemical combination formulated to react with a resin to form a continuous film Cure The reaction between resin and hardener to form the final film properties Cure Agent Hardener or crosslinkers Cure Oven Heated chambers for the purpose of stoving the powder coating Cyclone A cylindrical devise that separates powder particles from air The system works by centrifugal spinning the particles around its perimeter, the powder is collected at the bottom and the air extracted from the top","Glosario, Diccionario C")
add("Glosario D","DC Current Direct electrical current Decorative Coating A coating designed primarily for cosmetic and secondary for protection Deflector Conical shaped disc attached to the end of the powder gun to evenly distribute the powder in a 360o pattern. Used to shape and direct the powder pattern De-ionised Water Water containing no ions other than hydrogen, oxygen and hydroxyl ions. Usually produced through the use of ion exchange resins and used for the final rinse in pre-treatment processes Delamination Separation between two layers of coatings or between coatings and substrate Delivery The process of moving the powder through the application equipment to the end product De-mineralised Water Water containing no ions other than hydrogen, oxygen and hydroxyl ions. Usually produced through the use of ion exchange resins and used for the final rinse in pre-treatment processes Detergent An alkali or ionised cleaning or emulsified agent Dew Point Temperature at which water condenses from air at atmospheric pressure. Dew point varies with relative humidity Diffuser A porous material used in an airline to evenly distributes the air Dispersion Suspension of one substance in another Dry Blend Material generally added into the final coating as a dry additive without any melting DFT Dry Film Thickness. Depth of applied coating before curing Dry Flow The properties of a coating powder that relates to the ease of movement or transportation with air or vibration Dry Flow Additive An additive that improves the properties of the coating in the powder state. It improves the free flowing characteristics for better fluidisation or transporting via feed lines along with the sieving","Glosario, Diccionario D")
add("Glosario E","Edge Coverage The ability to flow over, build and adhere to the sharp corners, angles and edges of components Elasticity The ability to recover from stretching Electrode A metal filament within or at the end of a powder spray gun used to create air ions at high voltage to produce charged particles Corona Electrostatic Deposition A technique of moving and charging powder so that it is deposited on an earthed substrate Electrostatic Fluid Bed A fluid bed equipped with an electrode grid to charge powder so that it is deposited on an earthed component Epoxy A type of powder coating manufactured using epoxy resins, generally having high mechanical strength and corrosion resistance. But limited in gloss and colour retention when exposed to sunlight Epoxy Resin Film forming binder usually made from Biphenyl-A and Epicholrohydrin. Characterised as a Polyther Erosion Wearing away of a coating to expose the substrate Ester A chemical formed by the reaction of an acid and an alcohol Etching Surface preparation of metal before chemical process. Removal of a layer of the base metal Explosion Vent Pressure relief membrane to prevent damage to a confined dust collection device Explosion Limit Range of the ratio of powder particles to air which the mixture will explode or ignite Extender Pigment that can contribute specific properties to a coating but usually does not substantially affect the colour Extrudate Molten powder coating formulation as it exits the extruder during the manufacture process Extruder Device used to melt & mix plastics and powder coatings An extruder utilises heat and mixing to mechanically knead the formulation to achieve a homogeneous mixture","Glosario, Diccionario E")
add("Glosario F","Fading Gradual Loss of colour, due to a chemical or physical change, usually caused by UV light Fan Pattern Geometry or shape of the spray pattern Faraday Cage Effect A condition that may exist on a substrate due to its shape or configuration, that it may inhibit the electrostatic application of powder particles at the specific localised area, such as cavities and recesses Fatty Edge Thick film sometimes found on heavy coated work, resulting in a rounded thicker coating on usually the lower edge Sometimes called picture framing FDA Federal Food and Drug Administration Feed Hopper A container that holds the powder for the supply to the guns. Often designed to be fluidised Ferrous Contains iron Filiform Corrosion Corrosion or creep resembling a tread like structure under the coating usually from a point of film breakdown or damage. Caused by poor or lack of pre-treatment Filler Extender bulking agent or inert pigment Film Integrity Degree of continuity of a paint film Film Thickness Depth of cured coatings usually in microns or thousands of an inch Film Thickness Gauge Instrument for measuring film thickness Filter A filament designed to remove small particles from the air supply Fines Small powder particles Usually under 10 microns Fish Eyes A large surface depression in a coating film often caused by contamination such as oil or silicone oil Flammable Easy to ignite capable of burning with ease Flexibility Ability of a film to be bent without damage or cracking after application to a substrate Flip Flop A characteristic of metallic coatings to change colour when viewed at different angles Flow Measurement of self-levelling Characteristic of a coating allowing it to level into a smooth film of uniform thickness during the cure process Flow Additive Substance added to a formulation to minimise defects and produce a uniform film Fluidised A term that describes powder that is in a state of suspension using compressed air creating a fluid mixture of air powder Fluidised Bed A container in which powder is suspended in a continuous stream of air Fusion The melting and flow of individual powder particles under the influence of heat to form a continuous film Fusion Point The temperature at which the powder is melted to form a liquid film","Glosario, Diccionario F")
add("Glosario G","Galvanised Steel Steel coated with a layer of zinc Usually processed by dipping the steel into a hot bed of zinc Gassing Air or gas that escapes from a sub surface beneath a coating and causes blisters, eruptions or bubbles in the coating Gel Time Interval of time required at a given temperature for a powder coating to be transformed from dry solid to a gel like state. Measured in seconds Gloss The degree of reflection of light from the cured film Gloss Retention The ability of a coating to retain its original gloss Gravity Hopper A powder container, typically cone shaped design to force powder by gravity to feed a gun or transfer system Grinder Device used to crush or pulverise plastic or solid coating to powder form","Glosario, Diccionario G")
add("Glosario H","Hardener Curing agent for thermosetting powder coatings Hardness The ability to withstand indentation and damage Hiding Power The extent to which a powder coating masks the colour and pattern of the surface it is applied to at a given film thickness High Voltage Cable A specially designed cable that carries high voltage from generator to gun High Voltage Generator An electrical power transformer that converts 220 250 volts AC current to high voltage DC Hose Flexible tube used to convey either powder from hopper to gun or compressed air to gun Humidity A measure of the amount of moisture in the air Hybrid An epoxy polyester powder coating product","Glosario, Diccionario H")
add("Glosario I","Immiscible Incapable of being blended Impact Fusion The tendency of finely divided powder to combine with other particles in the application equipment creating a hard crust Incompatibility Inability to mix two powders without getting a different surface appearance, such as gloss reduction or craters Infrared Cure A method of curing powder using direct exposure to light energy Inhibitor Pigments Pigments that retard to the corrosion process in the substrate Inorganic A substance that is not formed by natural growth Insoluble A substance that will not dissolve in water or solvent Integral Charging A powder gun that has a low voltage single supply to it, and steps up the current to high voltage via a cascade multiplier located in the gun barrel Intercoat Adhesion The ability of a powder coating to adhere to a previously applied film Iron Phosphating Conversion Coating Chemical deposition on steel for promoting corrosion protection and improving adhesion Isocyanate Resin Urethane resins Isocyanate curing agents which when heated or reacted with hydroxy functional polymers giving urethane coatings","Glosario, Diccionario I")
add("Glosario L","Levelling Ability of a film to flow out to a smooth uniform thickness Low Film Build Thin coating of powder","Glosario, Diccionario L")
add("Glosario M","Mandrel Bend Test Physical bending test for evaluating flexibility of a coating Masking Covered area of a part to prevent coverage by powder during application Masking Tape An adhesive tape made for easy application and removal to mask areas where coating is not to be applied MSDS Material Safety Data Sheet Material Utilisation The percentage of powder that actually is deposited on the parts Maximum Loading Density The maximum number of parts that can be loaded onto a conveyor to ensure maximum powder utilisation Melt Mixing A predominant process for the manufacture of powder coatings involving continuous compounding of pigment resin fillers additives and hardeners, mixing at elevated temperature Melting Point The temperature at which a finely divided powder will begin to melt and flow Membrane A fine usually porous substance separating adjacent parts equipment Metamerism A visual characteristic that describes a coating that appears different in colour when viewed under different lights Micron One millionth of a meter Mild Steel Structural Steel or plate malleable iron based alloy. SEA 1020 with a carbon content of up to Mileage A term used to describe the area covered by a given amount of powder, usually measured in square meters per kilo or pounds per square foot Mill Scale Oxide layer formed on the steel by hot rolling process Miscible Capable of mixing or blending Misses Voids in the cured coating Molecule The smallest particle of a substance that can exist and still retain the properties of that substance. Molecules consist of two or more atoms Monomer A molecule that can be chemically bound as a unit of polymer","Glosario, Diccionario M")
add("Glosario N","Non-ferrous A material containing no iron Non-flammable Will not burn Non-volatile Solid Will not evaporate Nylon Thermoplastic powders coating that contains long chain polymers consisting of recurring amine groups (CONH). These coatings are tough, abrasive resistant and exhibit good chemical resistance","Glosario, Diccionario N")
add("Glosario O","OEM Original Equipment Manufacturer Off-colour Not matching the colour standard to which the coating is being compared Ohm A unit of electrical resistance Opacity Ability to hide the substrate at a given film thickness Orange Peel A wavy irregularity in the surface of a coating film created by the flow characteristics. Orange peel appears as an uneven or rough surface to the eye but usually feels smooth to the touch Organic Substance containing carbon components Oscillator Device for moving automatic guns in a vertical plane to provide uniform and increased powder coverage Oven Chamber or enclosed area for the purpose of curing by heat or energy the coating Overbake Applying more heat or energy than is required to fully cure the powder coating. Overbaking can result in discolouration, loss of gloss or deterioration on mechanical properties Overcoat Applying a second coating of powder Overspray Material that does not deposit on the component and goes to the recovery system","Glosario, Diccionario O")
add("Glosario P","Particle Smallest possible part Particle Size The average diameter size of particles supplied as a powder coating, following the grinding process PSD Particle Size Distribution Pass The motion of a spray gun in one direction only Passivation Conversion of a metal surface to a less reactive state A process to reduce corrosion rate of metal surfaces pH Value Measurement of acidity or alkalinity pH 7 is neutral, Values greater than 7 are alkali less than 7 acid Phosphate To form a thin film of inert phosphate on the metal surface. Process to reduce the rate of corrosion Pigment Particles in a powder coating formulation that provides the colour, corrosion resistance and other properties Pinholes Formation of small holes through to the substrate The appearance of fine pimply defects in a cured film Pinpoint Diffuser Powder gun tip, which yields a concentrated pattern Plastic One of many high polymeric substances, including both natural and synthetic rubber At some stage in its manufacture or refinement every plastic is capable of flowing under heat and pressure to form its final shape Plastisol Film former containing resin and plasticiser with no solvents that forms a tough resistant thermoplastic coating Polyester A resin or powder containing the grouping R-COOC-R. The powder having excellent resistance to UV light Polyethylene Resin with the formulation CH2CH2 used in thick film thermoplastic powder coatings Polymers Poly many mer units Polymers are very large molecules built up by the combination of many smaller molecules, often having many thousand molecules Polymerisation Chemical reaction in which smaller molecules combine to form a high molecular weight polymer Polypropylene One of many polyolefin thermoplastics Usually in exterior quality thermoplastic powder coating PVC Polyvinyl Chloride Synthetic resin used in both liquid and thermoplastic powder systems Porosity Degree of integrity or continuity A porous material will allow liquid or air to pass through Post Cure Heating of an object after application of the powder coating Post Heat Heating of an object after application of the powder coating Pourability The ability of a dry powder to flow uniformly or to be continuously poured from container at a steady flow Powder Booth An enclosure used for containment of powder coatings during the spray application Powder Segregation Stratification. Separation of powder particles due to size during the spray operation and recovery system Due mainly to the forces of gravity speed and electrostatic deposition. Resulting effect can be changes in gloss or changes in the degree of orange Peel Preheat Heating the component before the application of the powder coating Pressure Force per unit area relative to atmospheric pressure Usually expressed in psi pounds per square inch Pressure Drop Loss in pressure usually due to length or diameter of piping or hose Can be caused by blocked filters Pressure Gauge A gauge to determine the delivered pressure of a gas or fluid Pre-treatment The preparation of a part component substrate prior to the coating to improve adhesion and corrosion resistance Primer A type of coating applied to the substrate surface to improve adhesion of a subsequent topcoat To improve corrosion resistance hiding power surface smoothness Profile Depth Average distance between the top and bottom of valleys on a surface Purging Cleaning one colour or powder formulation from all areas that come in contact with the powder coating before introducing a new powder","Glosario, Diccionario P")
add("Glosario R","Radiation Cure Curing a coating by means of exposure to electromagnetic waves or particles such as infrared or ultra violet or electron beam Ratio Relationship in quantity or size between 2 things Reciprocator Device used to move automatic guns in a vertical plane A reversing or reciprocating drive system provides motion Reclaim The process used to recycle non-deposited powder through the gun for reuse after mixing and sieving Reclaim Powder Powder that has been oversprayed and collected for reuse Recoat The process of refinishing parts that have a surface defect from the first coat Application of a second coat after correction of the defect in the first coating Recovery The process of removing non deposited powder from air prior to re cycling the powder through the delivery system Recovery System A filtration system that separates powder from the air stream to capture the overspray powder Most common types are the cyclone or filter cartridge system Reflectance Degree of light reflected Resin Any type of solid or semi solid organic material of natural or synthetic origin generally of high molecular weight with no defined melting point Most resins are polymers Resistivity The resistance to the flow of electrical current through a substance Respirator Safety breathing facemask Respray To recoat to apply a second coating of the same powder Rework Process to correct imperfections or defects Robbing When powder is effectively redirected due to another earthed surface nearby Runs Sags in the coating Can occur when objects are pre heated Rust Corrosion on iron Red oxide deposits on the surface of the metal","Glosario, Diccionario R")
add("Glosario S","Sagging The downward flow of a paint or powder that is applied too heavy or onto a hot surface Salt Spray Test Corrosion test using salt laden moist air in an enclosed chamber the air can be acidic Sand Blast Blast cleaning using sand or an abrasive to remove corrosion by impact Saponification Alkaline hydrolysis of fats to make soaps Test for coating resistance to an alkaline environment Hydrolysis of an ester by an alkali Scale Rust occurring in layers commonly found on hot rolled steel Screen Mesh Size The mesh number of a screen designates the openings per square inch or the wire Soils Foreign matter on a part of the substrate to be cleaned in a pre treatment system Solids Non volatile portion of the coating material Solution Mixture formed when one material is dissolved into a liquid Solvent Liquid or blend of liquids used to dissolve or disperse paint A true solvent is a liquid that can dissolve the paint resin Solvent Wash Cleaning using a degreasing solvent or mixture of solvents often referred to as gun wash Specific Gravity Sg An expression of density of a material relative to the density of water always classed as 1 Specular Gloss Mirror like reflectance gloss measured at a specific angle Spray Chamber An enclosure that surrounds the pre treatment process and contains the spray cloud Spray Pattern Configuration of the spray leaving the powder gun Storage Stability The ability of the coating to maintain uniform physical and chemical properties subject to the manufacture'rs specification time and temperature Stripper Chemical or mechanical method of removing the coating from the substrate Stroke A single pass with a spray gun in one direction Substrate The part being coated Surface Appearance Generally refers to the smoothness and gloss of the final cured film and or the presence of defects or contamination Surface Defects Flaws in the surface of the coated parts Surface Preparation Operations necessary to prepare the surface or parts prior to the application of the coating Surface Tension Cohesive force between liquid and solid or liquid and gas surfaces Surfactant A chemical used to adjust the surface tension between two mediums Surge A rise in pressure in an electrical circuit A sudden burst of powder from a spray gun Suspension Mixture of fine particles of any solid with a liquid or gas","Glosario, Diccionario S")
add("Glosario T","Tape Adhesion Test used to check for adhesion of a coating to the surface usually following a mechanical test Telegraphing Phenomenon that occurs when a surface defect on an un-coated part is visible in the final cured film TGIC Triglycidyl Isocyanurate Hardener used in exterior quality polyester powder systems Theoretical Coverage The capacities of a given mass of a specific powder to coat in a cured state an area of substrate at a determined film thickness Thermocouple A pair of dissimilar metal wires that generates an electrical force at a point of contact that varies in proportion to temperature Thermoplastic A powder coating that will repeatedly melt when subjected to heat and solidifies when cooled Thermosetting A powder coating designed to undergo an irreversible chemical change during heating and will not revert to the liquid stage when reheated Threshold Limit Value Air concentration of chemical substances to which workers may be exposed to daily without adverse effect Throughput The production output of a system at a given line speed using a predetermined part or hanging pattern Tote Bins Large containers for shipping bulk powder coatings Toxic Poisonous Transportability A coatings ability to be carried in an air stream and passed through tubing and ducts designed to transport powder coatings Tribocharging The process of creating static charge on powder coating particles by friction against a non-conductive material Triggering Intermittant squeezing and releasing of a spray gun trigger. Can cause surging in the powder equipment","Glosario, Diccionario T")
add("Glosario U","Ultraviolet Radiation Light energy having a wavelength of about milimicrons Such energy can break certain chemical bonds and thus contribute to the fading and wearing away of a coating Undercured A coating that has not had sufficient exposure to the combination of heat and time to completely cure","Glosario, Diccionario U")
add("Glosario V","Venturi A constriction in a powder pump that uses compressed air to lift and transport powder from feed system to the spray gun Virgin Powder Powder that has not passed through the recovery system","Glosario, Diccionario V")
add("Glosario W","Water Spotting Whitish spots on a pre treated part where minerals in the water have been deposited Weather Resistance Capacity of a coating surface to resist the effects of weathering UV light and water erosion Weld Splatter Beads of metal or flux left after welding Wrap A characteristic of a powder coating in electrostatic application to seek out and adhere to areas of the substrate not in direct line of sight","Glosario, Diccionario W")
add("Glosario Y","Yellowing Development of yellow colour in pale colours when subjected to heat and or light","Glosario, Diccionario Y")
add("Glosario Z","Zinc Phosphate Conversion coating used on steel and galvanized steel parts to improve adhesion and corrosion resistance","Glosario, Diccionario Z")
/* end database records */
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